Electrolytes for calcium-based secondary cell and calcium-based secondary cell comprising the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10276891-B2
Application number	US-201415516493-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 22, 2014
Priority date	Oct 2, 2014
Publication date	Apr 30, 2019
Grant date	Apr 30, 2019

Abstract

The present disclosure concerns an electrolyte suitable for calcium-based secondary cells, comprising calcium ions and an electrolyte medium, wherein the electrolyte is not solid at standard conditions and wherein the electrolyte medium includes at least two distinct non-aqueous solvents.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An electrolyte comprising calcium ions and an electrolyte medium, wherein the electrolyte is not solid and has a viscosity of lower than 10 cP at a temperature of about 20° C. and a pressure of 1 atm and wherein the electrolyte medium includes at least two distinct non-aqueous solvents, and wherein the calcium ions are in the form of a calcium salt comprising Ca(BF 4 ) 2 .

2. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein each of the at least two distinct non-aqueous solvents is independently selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonates, linear carbonates, cyclic esters, cyclic ethers, linear ethers and mixtures thereof.

3. The electrolyte according to claim 2 , wherein the medium includes ethylene carbonate (EC).

4. The electrolyte according to claim 3 , wherein the medium includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC).

5. The electrolyte according to claim 4 , wherein the medium includes a combination of formula EC h :PC 1-h wherein the ratio is expressed as volume:volume and h is 0≤h≤1.

6. The electrolyte according to claim 4 , wherein the medium includes a combination of ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC), having formula EC x :PC y :DMC z wherein the ratio is expressed as volume:volume and 0≤x,y,z≤1 and x+y+z=1.

7. A calcium-based secondary cell comprising:
a negative electrode that includes a negative-electrode active material, said negative-electrode active material being capable of accepting and releasing calcium ions,
a positive electrode that includes a positive-electrode active material, said positive-electrode active material being capable of accepting and releasing calcium ions,
an electrolyte arranged between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, said electrolyte being as defined in claim 1 .

8. The cell according to claim 7 , further comprising a temperature control element.

9. The cell according to claim 7 , wherein the negative electrode comprises a negative-electrode active material, said active material comprising metallic calcium or a calcium alloy.

10. The cell according to claim 9 , wherein the negative electrode active material includes metallic calcium.

11. The cell according to claim 9 , wherein the negative-electrode active material comprises a calcium alloy which is such that the potential of the negative electrode is lower than about 2.5V vs. Ca 2+ /Ca and has a specific capacity which is higher than about 200 mAh/g.

12. The cell according to claim 9 , wherein the alloy has formula (I) Ca m B wherein m is 0≤m≤3 and B is a metal or a semi-conductor element.

13. The cell according to claim 7 , wherein the negative electrode is a composite film negative electrode.

14. A method for operating a calcium-based secondary cell according to claim 7 , said method including the step of setting cell operating temperature between about 30° C. and 150° C.

15. A non-aqueous calcium-based secondary battery comprising a calcium-based secondary cell according to claim 7 .

16. A vehicle, an electronic device or a stationary power generating device comprising a non-aqueous calcium-based secondary battery according to claim 15 .

Assignees

• Toyota Motor Europe
• Consejo Superior Investigacion

Inventors

• Barde Fanny
• Palacin Rosa
• Ponrouch Alexandre

Classifications

• H01M4/387

  Tin or alloys based on tin · CPC title

• H01M10/613

  Cooling or keeping cold · CPC title

• H01M4/386

  Silicon or alloys based on silicon · CPC title

• H01M10/0569

  characterised by the solvents · CPC title

• H01M2300/004

  Three solvents · CPC title