Toner additives comprising composite particles
US-12045007-B2 · Jul 23, 2024 · US
US10273314B2 · US · B2
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Publication number | US-10273314-B2 |
| Application number | US-201113811820-A |
| Country | US |
| Kind code | B2 |
| Filing date | Jul 22, 2011 |
| Priority date | Jul 23, 2010 |
| Publication date | Apr 30, 2019 |
| Grant date | Apr 30, 2019 |
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SET-LRP polymerization of acrylic monomers under acidic conditions is described. The source of the acidity may be the solvent (e.g., an acetic acid-containing solvent) or in the monomer content (e.g., acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, optionally in combination with other monomers such as methyl methacrylate).
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What is claimed is: 1. A method of making an acrylic polymer or copolymer, comprising performing a single-electron transfer living radical polymerization of a reaction mixture comprising: (a) one or more acrylic monomers, including a monomer of the formula: wherein R 1 is hydrogen or alkyl and R 2 is carboxyl or carboxylate; (b) a metal single-electron transfer catalyst; (c) a component comprising a solvent and optional sulfide-free ligand, where said component or combination of component and monomer is used to disproportionate the metal single-electron transfer catalyst; and (d) an organohalide initiator; with the proviso that the solvent includes a compound comprising a carboxyl group. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal single-electron transfer catalyst is Cu(I)X where X is Cl, Br, or I, and the component or combination of component and monomer is capable of disproportionating the metal catalyst Cu(I)X into Cu(0) and Cu(II)X 2 . 3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the component includes a ligand that comprises N-ligand groups. 4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the component includes a ligand that comprises N-ligand groups. 5. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 2 is carboxyl.
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