Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10270127-B2
Application number	US-201515740366-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 9, 2015
Priority date	Jul 9, 2015
Publication date	Apr 23, 2019
Grant date	Apr 23, 2019

Abstract

A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material, and a separator containing an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes an electrolyte salt, a nonaqueous solvent into which the electrolyte salt can be dissolved, a first additive selected from predetermined oxalate compounds and disulfonic acid ester compounds, and a second additive that has a reduction potential less than the reduction potential of the first additive. The second additive is selected from a group having vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, 1, 3-propane sultone, 1, 4-butane sultone, 1, 3-propene sultone, succinonitrile, and adiponitrile.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a power-generating element comprising:
a positive electrode made by a positive electrode active material layer including a positive electrode active material being formed on a surface of a positive electrode current collector,
a negative electrode made by a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material being formed on a surface of a negative electrode current collector, and
a separator containing an electrolyte,
wherein:
the electrolyte includes an electrolyte salt, a nonaqueous solvent into which the electrolyte salt can be dissolved, a first additive, and a second additive that has a reduction potential less than the reduction potential of the first additive,
the first additive being at least one type selected from a group comprising oxylate compounds represented by the following formula

where M represents phosphorus or boron, n represents an integer between 0-4, m represents an integer between 1-3, 2m+n=6 if M is phosphorus, and 2m+n=4 if M is boron, and disulfonic acid ester compounds represented by the following formula

where R 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted 1-3C alkylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted 1-3C fluoroalkylene group, R 2 and R 3 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted 1-4C alkylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted 1-4C fluoroalkylene group, R 2 and R 3 bonded to each other to form a ring, and R 3 being single-bonded when forming a ring:
the second additive being at least one type selected from a group comprising vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, 1,3-propane sultone, 1,4-butane sultone, 1,3-propene sultone, succinonitrile, and adiponitrilea; and
a relationship 0.21≤A×L/SSA≤0.69 and 0.51≤B×L/SSA≤1.5 is satisfied, where:
SSA represents a BET specific surface area of the negative electrode active material (m 2 /g),
L represents a ratio of a total volume of the electrolyte to a total void volume of the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator,
A represents a mass ratio of an amount of the first additive to a total amount of the nonaqueous solvent and the electrolyte salt in the electrolyte, and
B represents a mass ratio of an amount of the second additive to the total amount of the nonaqueous solvent and the electrolyte salt in the electrolyte.

2. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited in claim 1 ,
wherein the first additive is the oxalate compound, wherein the oxalate compound is at least one type selected from a group comprising lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium bis(oxalate)borate, and lithium difluorobis(oxalate)phosphate.

3. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited in claim 1 ,
wherein the first additive is the disulfonic acid ester compound, wherein the disulfonic acid ester compound is at least one selected from a group comprising methylene methane disulfonate, ethylene methane disulfonate, propylene methane disulfonate, dimethyl methane disulfonate, diethyl methane disulfonate, and ethyl methyl methane disulfonate.

4. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited in claim 1 , wherein
2.50≤ B/A≤ 4.33 is further satisfied.

5. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited in claim 1 , wherein
the negative electrode active material includes graphite.

6. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited in claim 1 , wherein
the nonaqueous solvent comprises ethylene carbonate.

7. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited in claim 1 , wherein
the electrolyte further includes a third additive having a reduction potential that is less than a reduction potential of the first additive and greater than a reduction potential of the second additive, and
0.17≤(A+C)×L/SSA≤0.38 is satisfied, where C represents a mass ratio of an addition amount of the third additive in the electrolyte relative to the total amount of the nonaqueous solvent and the electrolyte salt (mass %).

8. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited in claim 7 , wherein
the third additive is at least one selected from the group consisting of: succinic anhydride, glutaric acid, and adipic acid.

9. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited in claim 7 , wherein
2.13≤ B /( A+C )≤3.75 is further satisfied.

10. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited claim 1 , wherein
a value of a ratio of a cell area relative to a rated capacity that is a projected area of the battery nonaqueous electrolyte secondary including a battery outer casing is greater than or equal to 5 cm 2 /Ah, and the rated capacity is greater than or equal to 3 Ah.

11. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as recited in claim 1 , wherein
the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery is a lithium ion secondary battery.

Assignees

• Nissan Motor

Inventors

• Ohara Kenji
• Waki Norihisa
• Nitta Yoshiaki
• Aoyagi Masanori

Classifications

• H01M10/0567 Primary

  characterised by the additives · CPC title

• H01M2300/0025

  Organic electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M10/0525 Primary

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M2004/027

  Negative electrodes · CPC title