Metal battery having liquid anode and liquid cathode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10270113-B2
Application number	US-201314652081-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 13, 2013
Priority date	Dec 14, 2012
Publication date	Apr 23, 2019
Grant date	Apr 23, 2019

Abstract

The invention relates to a metal battery, and in particular, to a metal battery including a liquid anode and a liquid cathode. The metal batteries can operate at ambient temperature and can be prepared fully uncharged for safe transport and storage.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A metal battery, comprising: a liquid anode comprising a first metal salt, an electron acceptor, and a first solvent, wherein the first metal salt and the electron acceptor are dissolved in the first solvent; a liquid cathode comprising a second metal salt, and a second solvent, wherein the liquid cathode further comprises an iodide when the metal battery is uncharged or iodine when the metal battery is charged and the second metal salt, iodide, and iodine are dissolved in the second solvent, and an electrolyte membrane separating the liquid anode and the liquid cathode, wherein each of the liquid anode and the liquid cathode is a solution containing no undissolved solid solutes.

2. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the metal of the metal battery, first metal salt, and the second metal salt is independently selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkali-earth metal, and a lanthanide metal.

3. The metal battery of claim 2 , wherein the metal is lithium, sodium, or magnesium.

4. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the anion of the first metal salt is a halide.

5. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the second metal salt has the formulae M p X n , wherein M represents the metal cation, n and p are stoichiometric coefficients, and X represents the anion, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of a halide, superoxide, peroxide, oxide, hexafluorophosphate, tetrafluoroborate, perchlorate, bis(oxalate)borate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI), sulfate, peroxosulfate, thiosulfate, permanganate, chromate, and dichromate.

6. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the liquid anode does not contain a dissolved metal.

7. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the liquid anode further comprises a dissolved metal.

8. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the liquid cathode further comprises a dissolved metal halide.

9. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the first metal salt and the second metal salt comprises lithium iodide.

10. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the second solvent is selected from the group consisting of methanol, water, sulfolane, dichloromethane, hexane, and carbon tetrachloride, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl ether, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, diethyl ether, formol, and formic acid.

11. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the electron acceptor is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of biphenyl, naphthalene, azulene, 1-methylnaphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, fluorene, phenalene, phenanthrene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[a]phenanthrene, chrysene, fluoranthene, pyrene, tetracene, triphenylene anthanthrene, benzopyrene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[e]fluoranthene, benzo[ghi]perylene, benzo[j]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, corannulene, coronene, dicoronylene, helicene, heptacene, hexacene, ovalene, pentacene, picene perylene, tetraphenylene, and a mixture thereof.

12. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the electron acceptor is selected from ammonia, polyaromatic-amines, metal-azaporphyrinates, diimines, methylamine, and a mixture thereof.

13. The metal battery of claim 12 , wherein the electron acceptor is 2-amino anthracene, 1-amino anthracene, 2-amino-chrysene, or 1-napthylamine.

14. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the electron acceptor is an alkyl radical, an alkene radical, or an alkyne radical.

15. The metal battery of claim 14 , wherein the alkyl radical is a n-butyl radical or a tert-butyl radical.

16. The metal battery of claim 11 , wherein the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon comprises at least one of biphenyl and naphthalene.

17. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the first solvent is selected from the group consisting of comprises tetrahydrofuran, water, hexane, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, benzene, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, diethyl ether, ethanol, chloroform, ether, dimethyl ether, benzene, propanol, acetic acid, alcohols, isobutylacetate, n-butyric acid, ethyl acetate, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethyl formiate, ethylamine, isopropyl amine, hexamethylphosphotriamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetralkylurea, triphenylphosphine oxide, and a mixture thereof.

18. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the liquid cathode is exposed to air or oxygen.

19. The metal battery of claim 1 , wherein the liquid cathode further comprises an anionic receptor or a cationic receptor.

Assignees

• Univ Nanyang Tech

Inventors

• Yazami Rachid
• Tan Kim Seng

Classifications

• H01M2220/20

  Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane · CPC title

• Y02E60/528

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• H01M8/188 Primary

  by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries · CPC title

• H01M8/1009 Primary

  with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged (H01M8/12 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M2300/0028

  characterised by the solvent · CPC title