Stable electrolyte for lithium air battery and lithium air battery including the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10256516-B2
Application number	US-201514949498-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 23, 2015
Priority date	Nov 23, 2015
Publication date	Apr 9, 2019
Grant date	Apr 9, 2019

Abstract

Provided are electrochemical cells that include a compound having the general formula

wherein R 1 is moiety associated with a lithium ion, X 1 and X 3 are unsubstituted methylene moieties, X 2 and X 4 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted methylene moiety, X is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkylene moiety, arylene moiety or heteroarylene moiety, R 2 is selected from Li, H, an alkyl moiety, or a heteroalkyl moiety, 0<m≤1, 0≤n≤1, and m+n=1.

First claim

We claim:

1. An electrochemical cell, comprising:
a cell container, containing therein
a negative electrode,
a positive electrode, and
an electrolyte in electrochemical contact with negative and positive electrodes; and

a compound having the formula

wherein
R 1 has a formula selected from

and further wherein
X 1 and X 3 are each an unsubstituted methylene moiety,
X 2 and X 4 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted methylene moiety,
X is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkylene moiety, arylene moiety or heteroarylene moiety,
Pf is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl moiety,
R 2 is selected from Li, H, an alkyl moiety, or a heteroalkyl moiety,
0<m≤1, 0≤n≤1, and m+n=1, and
the compound has an average molecular weight of about 1000 g/mol to about 1,000,000 g/mol.

2. The cell of claim 1 , wherein the compound is located in the electrolyte.

3. The cell of claim 1 , wherein the compound is located at an interface between the negative electrode and the electrolyte.

4. The cell of claim 1 , wherein the compound is located at an interface between the positive electrode and the electrolyte.

5. The cell of claim 1 , wherein an interfacial layer is formed on an electrode surface by the compound.

6. The cell of claim 5 , wherein the interfacial layer is formed upon charging of the cell.

7. The cell of claim 5 , wherein the interfacial layer is formed upon discharging of the cell.

8. The cell of claim 5 , wherein the interfacial layer is formed upon assembling of the cell.

9. The cell of claim 5 , wherein the interfacial layer is formed upon the filling of the cell container.

10. The cell of claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode comprises carbon.

11. The cell of claim 10 , wherein the negative electrode comprises a layered form of carbon.

12. The cell of claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode comprises a metallic material.

13. The cell of claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode comprises a negative electrode material capable of reversible Li insertion.

14. The cell of claim 13 , wherein the negative electrode material is capable of reversible Li intercalation.

15. The cell of claim 1 , wherein O 2 serves as an electroactive material at the positive electrode.

16. The cell of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte consists essentially of the compound in a solid form.

17. The cell of claim 1 , having an open circuit voltage of at least about 3.0 volts when charged.

18. The cell of claim 1 , X 2 and X 4 are each independently selected from CH 2 , CHF, and CF 2 .

19. The cell of claim 1 , wherein Pf is a C 1 -C 10 fluoroalkyl moiety.

20. The cell of claim 19 , wherein Pf is C 1 -C 10 perfluoroalkyl moiety.

21. The cell of claim 1 , wherein 0<m<1 and 0<n<1.

22. An alkali metal/air cell that includes a compound having the formula

wherein
R 1 has a formula selected from

and further wherein
X 1 and X 3 are each an unsubstituted methylene moiety,
X 2 and X 4 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted methylene moiety,
X is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkylene moiety, arylene moiety or heteroarylene moiety,
Pf is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl moiety,
R 2 is selected from Li, H, an alkyl moiety, or a heteroalkyl moiety,
0<m≤1, 0≤n≤1, and m+n=1, and
the compound has an average molecular weight of about 1000 g/mol to about 1,000,000 g/mol.

23. The cell of claim 22 , wherein the cell is a lithium air cell.

24. A rechargeable cell, comprising:
an anode for lithium ion insertion and deinsertion;
a cathode comprising oxygen as a cathode active material; and
a lithium ion conductive electrolyte disposed between the anode and the cathode,
wherein the electrolyte comprises a compound having the formula

wherein
R 1 has a formula selected from

and further wherein
X 1 and X 3 are each an unsubstituted methylene moiety,
X 2 and X 4 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted methylene moiety,
X is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkylene moiety, arylene moiety or heteroarylene moiety,
Pf is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl moiety,
R 2 is selected from Li, H, an alkyl moiety, or a heteroalkyl moiety,
0<m≤1, 0≤n≤1, and m+n=1, and
the compound has an average molecular weight of about 1000 g/mol to about 1,000,000 g/mol.

25. The cell of claim 24 , wherein the anode includes an anode active material that is capable of reversibly intercalating lithium ions.

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
• Massachusetts Inst Technology

Inventors

• Ma Sang Bok
• Khiterer Mariya
• Ryu Young-Gyoon
• Hammond Paula T
• Shao-Horn Yang
• Amanchukwu Chibueze Vincent

Classifications

• H01M4/587

  for inserting or intercalating light metals · CPC title

• H01M8/0204

  Non-porous and characterised by the material · CPC title

• C07C311/48

  having nitrogen atoms of sulfonamide groups further bound to another hetero atom · CPC title

• H01M10/0567

  characterised by the additives · CPC title

• H01M12/08 Primary

  composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type · CPC title