Resection instrument

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10245045-B2
Application number	US-201113173801-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 30, 2011
Priority date	Jun 30, 2010
Publication date	Apr 2, 2019
Grant date	Apr 2, 2019

Abstract

The present invention concerns a surgical instrument. There is described a surgical instrument including a shaft having a handle towards a proximal end, a template towards a distal end, and resecting means for removing tissue. The template is shaped to complement the contours of a joint surface.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A surgical instrument, comprising:
a shaft having a proximal end, a distal end, and a longitudinal axis extending therebetween;
a handle disposed towards the proximal end of the shaft;
a template pivotally connected towards the distal end of the shaft, the template having:
a proximal end, a distal end, and a heel portion disposed at the proximal end of the template;
first and second opposing surfaces positioned between the proximal and distal ends and dimensioned to fit between first and second bones of a joint; and

a burr for removing tissue, the burr being coupled to the proximal end of the template and positioned to face the second bone of the joint when positioned between the first and second bones of the joint, the burr configured to rotate about an axis of rotation that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, wherein the burr has a predetermined orientation relative to the template,
wherein the second surface of the template has a concave shape to complement a curvature of the second bone of the joint, and wherein the second surface of the template is operative to engage with a surface of the second bone whereby the burr is operative to only engage and remove material from portions of the second bone having a surface curvature deviating from a curved path defined by the template while the second surface of the template guides movement in at least a distal to proximal manner over the second bone surface.

2. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the template is pivotally connected at or towards the proximal end of the template or between the proximal and distal ends of the template.

3. An instrument as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the pivotal connection allows the template to pivot within a single plane.

4. An instrument as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the pivotal connection comprises a universal joint or a ball-and-socket joint.

5. An instrument as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the pivotal connection comprises a lock to restrict motion of the joint to a single plane.

6. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the template is connected to the distal end of the shaft by a resiliently flexible member.

7. An instrument as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the resiliently flexible member is configured to bias the template towards a tissue surface.

8. An instrument as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the resiliently flexible member comprises a Nitinol wire, a Nitinol tube, a spring, a live-hinge or a corrugated portion.

9. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the template is connected with and is rigid relative to the shaft.

10. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the burr comprises a generally spherical burr-head mounted on, or formed integrally with, a burr-shaft.

11. An instrument as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the burr-shaft is mounted coaxially with, and rotatable within, the instrument shaft.

12. An instrument as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the burr-shaft is in part mounted coaxially with, and rotatable within, the instrument shaft.

13. An instrument as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the predetermined orientation of the burr relative to the template is determined by the connection between the template and shaft, the connection being aligned with the centre of the burr-head.

14. An instrument as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the concave surface of the template and a surface of the burr-head are tangential.

15. An instrument as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the tangential arrangement between the template and burr-head may be offset slightly deeper or shallower to account for tissue compressibility.

16. An instrument as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the burr-shaft includes a piston or dampener.

17. An instrument as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the burr-shaft includes a centering means to maintain a tangential arrangement between the template and the burr-head during movement of the instrument over a tissue surface.

18. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surgical instrument comprises control means for the burr.

19. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the instrument comprises biasing means to bias the template towards a tissue surface.

20. An instrument as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the biasing means is the instrument shaft, or a separate rod, spring, live-hinge or dampener which is biased to extend the template distally.

21. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the instrument comprises an obturator for supporting and protecting the template whilst the instrument is packaged and/or when the instrument is being introduced into a surgical site.

22. An instrument as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the obturator comprises a solid cylindrical member or a hollow tubular member.

23. An instrument as claimed in claim 22 , wherein the obturator comprises a tubular member coaxially mounted with the shaft and includes an opening at a distal end.

24. An instrument as claimed in claim 22 , wherein the obturator is internally mounted within the shaft, or is an outer sheath mounted on an outer surface of the shaft.

25. An instrument as claimed in claim 24 , wherein the obturator is slidably mounted or rotatably mounted on or within the instrument shaft.

26. An instrument as claimed in claim 25 wherein the obturator is removable.

27. An instrument as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the surgical instrument includes a lock.

28. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the template further comprises one or more bearings which assist movement of the template over a tissue surface.

29. An instrument as claimed in claim 28 , wherein the template comprises two, three, four, five or six bearings.

30. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the template is dimensioned for receipt between the two bones of the joint without distraction of the joint.

31. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second bone of the joint is a femur and the second surface has a concave shape to complement curvature of a head of the femur.

32. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first bone of the joint is hip bone and the first surface has a convex shape to complement curvature of an acetabular cavity of the hip bone.

33. The instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the curved path defined by the template is defined by a curvature of the second surface of the template.

34. The instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a cutting surface of the burr is substantially aligned with a curvature of the second surface of the template.

35. The instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the burr extends proximally relative to the heel portion of the template.

36. The instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the burr is closer to the proximal end of the template than the distal end of the template.

37. The instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the burr is the only resecting means in the instrument.

38. The instrument as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the burr is partially enclosed by the heel portion.

39. A surgical instrument, comprising:
a shaft having a proximal end, a distal end, and a longitudinal axis extending therebetween;

Assignees

• Torrie Paul Alexander
• Smith & Nephew Inc

Inventors

• Torrie Paul Alexander

Classifications

• A61B17/1662

  for particular parts of the body · CPC title

• A61B17/1742 Primary

  for the hip · CPC title

• A61B17/1666

  for the acetabulum · CPC title

• A61B2017/1602

  Mills · CPC title