Positive active material, positive electrode, and lithium battery containing the positive active material

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10236508-B2
Application number	US-201615367443-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 2, 2016
Priority date	Dec 31, 2015
Publication date	Mar 19, 2019
Grant date	Mar 19, 2019

Abstract

A positive active material includes an overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide including: a metal cation and a Li 2 MO 3 phase, wherein M is at least one metal selected from a Period 4 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +4 and a Period 5 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +4, and wherein an amount of the Li 2 MO 3 phase is less than or equal to about 20 mole percent, based on 1 mole of the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A positive active material comprising an overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide represented by Formula 1:
x Li 2 MO 3 -(1 −x )LiNi 1-a-b M′ a M″ b O 2   Formula 1

wherein,
M is at least one metal selected from a Period 4 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +4 and a Period 5 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +4,
M′ is at least one metal selected from a Period 4 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +3 and a Period 5 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +3,
M″ is different from M′, and is at least one metal cation selected from Al, Mg, Ga, Ti, V, Zn, Cu, Cr, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, and In, and
0<x≤0.2; 0<a<1 and 0.001≤b≤0.1, where 0.7≤1-a-b<1.

2. The positive active material of claim 1 , wherein x is about 0.02 to about 0.15.

3. The positive active material of claim 1 , wherein M″ is Al, Mg, or Ga.

4. The positive active material of claim 1 , wherein b is about 0.01 to about 10 mole percent.

5. The positive active material of claim 1 , wherein M is at least one metal selected from Mn, Ti, Zr, Sn, and Mo.

6. The positive active material of claim 1 , wherein an amount of nickel in the positive active material is at least 70 mole percent, based on a total molar amount of metal atoms in the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide, excluding lithium.

7. The positive active material of claim 6 , wherein the amount of nickel is about 70 mole percent to about 90 mole percent, based on a total molar amount of metal atoms in the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide, excluding lithium.

8. The positive active material of claim 1 , wherein
M is at least one selected from Mn, Ti, Zr, Sn, and Mo,
M′ is at least one selected from Co, Mn, Fe, Al, Mg, Zn, Cu, Cr, V, and Nb, and
M″ is different from M′, and is at least one metal cation selected from Al, Mg, Ga, Ti, V, Zn, Cu, Cr, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, and In.

9. The positive active material of claim 1 , wherein the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide is represented by Formula 2 below:
x Li 2 MnO 3 -(1 −x )LiNi 1-a′-a″-b Co a′ Mn a″ M″ b O 2   Fomula 2

wherein,
M″ is at least one metal cation selected from Al, Mg, Ga, Ti, V, Zn, Cu, Cr, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, and In, and
0<x≤0.2; 0<a′<1, 0<a″<1 and 0.001≤≤0.1, where 0.7<1-a′-a′-b<1.

10. The positive active material of claim 1 , wherein the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide further comprises fluorine.

11. The positive active material of claim 10 , wherein the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide is represented by Formula 3 below:
x Li 2 MnO 3-δ Fδ-(1 −x )LiNi 1-a′-a″-b Co a′ Mn a″ M″ b O 2-δ′ F δ′   Formula 3

wherein,
M″ is at least one metal cation selected from Al, Mg, Ga, Ti, V, Zn, Cu, Cr, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, and In, and
0<x≤0.2; 0<a′<1, 0<a″<1 and 0.001≤b≤0.1, where 0.7<1-a′-a′-b<1; and 0<δ+δ′<0.1.

12. The positive active material of claim 1 , wherein the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide has an average particle diameter of about 10 nanometers to about 500 micrometers.

13. A positive electrode comprising, a positive active material of claim 1 .

14. A lithium battery comprising the positive electrode of claim 13 .

15. An overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide represented by Formula:
x Li 2 MO 3 -(1 −x )LiNi 1-a-b M′ a M″ b O 2   Formula 1

wherein,
M is at least one metal selected from a Period 4 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +4 and a Period 5 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +4
M′ is at least one metal selected from a Period 4 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +3 and a Period 5 transition metal having an average oxidation number of +3,
M″ is different from M′, and is at least one metal cation selected from Al, Mg, Ga, Ti, V, Zn, Cu, Cr, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, and In, and
0<x≤0.2; 0<a<1 and 0.001≤b≤0.1, where 0.7≤1-a-b<1.

16. The overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide of claim 15 , wherein the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide is represented by Formula 2 below:
x Li 2 MnO 3 -(1 −x )LiNi 1-a′-a″-b Co a′ Mn a″ M″ b O 2   Formula 2

wherein,
M″ is at least one metal cation selected from Al, Mg, Ga, Ti, V, Zn, Cu, Cr, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, and In, and
0<x≤0.2; 0<a′<1, 0<a″<1 and 0.001≤b≤0.1, where 0.7≤1-a′-a′-b<1.

17. The overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide of claim 15 , wherein the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide further comprises fluorine.

18. The overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide of claim 17 , wherein the overlithiated lithium transition metal oxide is represented by Formula 3 below:
x Li 2 MnO 3-δ Fδ-(1 −x )LiNi 1-a′-a″-b Co a″ Mn a ″ M″ b O 2−δ′ F δ′   Formula 3

wherein,
M″ is at least one metal cation of Al, Mg, Ga, Ti, V, Zn, Cu, Cr, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, and In, and

0<x≤0.2; 0<a′<1, 0<a″<1 and 0.001≤b≤0.1, where 0.7<1-a′-a′-b<1; and 0<δ+δ′<0.1.

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
• Samsung Sdi Co Ltd

Inventors

• Ahn Sungjin
• Park Jinhwan
• Song Jayhyok
• Kapylou Andrei
• Yu Byongyong

Classifications

• H01M4/525 Primary

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title

• H01M4/505

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy · CPC title

• H01M2004/021

  Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area · CPC title

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• C01G53/82

  Compounds containing nickel, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements · CPC title