Ni(OH)2 nanoporous films as electrodes

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10236135-B2
Application number	US-201615193529-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 27, 2016
Priority date	Jun 25, 2015
Publication date	Mar 19, 2019
Grant date	Mar 19, 2019

Abstract

The present disclosure pertains to electrodes that include a nickel-based material and at least one porous region with a plurality of nickel hydroxide moieties on a surface of the nickel-based material. The nickel-based material may be a nickel foil in the form of a film. The porous region of the electrode may be directly associated with the surface of the nickel-based material. The nickel hydroxide moieties may be in crystalline form and embedded with the porous region. The electrodes of the present disclosure may be a component of an energy storage device, such as a capacitor. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of fabricating the electrodes by anodizing a nickel-based material to form at least one porous region on a surface of the nickel-based material; and hydrothermally treating the porous region to form nickel hydroxide moieties associated with the porous region.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrode comprising:
a nickel-based material; and
at least one porous region on a surface of the nickel-based material,
wherein the at least one porous region comprises a plurality of nickel hydroxide moieties,
wherein the nickel hydroxide moieties are derived from the nickel-based material.

2. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nickel-based material is selected from the group consisting of nickel alloys, nickel foils, nickel foams, nickel plates, porous nickel, nickel coupons, nickel blocks, nickel rods, nickel cylinders, non-porous nickel, and combinations thereof.

3. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nickel-based material is a nickel foil.

4. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nickel-based material consists essentially of nickel.

5. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nickel-based material is in the form of a film.

6. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nickel-based material serves as a current collector.

7. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the at least one porous region is directly associated with the surface.

8. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the at least one porous region is derived from the nickel-based material.

9. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the at least one porous region comprises a plurality of porous regions scattered throughout the surface.

10. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the at least one porous region comprises single porous region.

11. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the at least one porous region spans an entire surface of the nickel-based material.

12. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the at least one porous region comprises pores with sizes ranging from about 1 nm in diameter to about 1 μm in diameter.

13. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the at least one porous region comprises pores with sizes ranging from about 1 nm in diameter to about 500 nm in diameter.

14. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the at least one porous region has a thickness ranging from about 50 nm to about 500 μm.

15. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nickel hydroxide moieties are embedded with the at least one porous region.

16. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nickel hydroxide moieties are in at least one of crystalline form, semi-crystalline form, amorphous form, lattice form, and combinations thereof.

17. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nickel hydroxide moieties are in crystalline form.

18. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrode consists essentially of the nickel-based material and the at least one porous region.

19. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is an anode.

20. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is a cathode.

21. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrode has a capacitance ranging from about 1,000 F/g to about 2,500 F/g.

22. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrode has a capacitance ranging from about 1,500 F/g to about 2,000 F/g.

23. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is a component of an energy storage device.

24. The electrode of claim 23 , wherein the energy storage device is selected from the group consisting of capacitors, batteries, photovoltaic devices, photovoltaic cells, transistors, current collectors, fuel cell devices, water-splitting devices, two electrode systems, three electrode systems, and combinations thereof.

25. The electrode of claim 23 , wherein the energy storage device is a capacitor.

26. The electrode of claim 25 , wherein the capacitor is selected from the group consisting of lithium-ion capacitors, supercapacitors, asymmetric supercapacitors, asymmetric two electrode supercapacitors, additive-free electrode supercapacitors, micro supercapacitors, pseudo capacitors, electrochemical capacitors, two-electrode electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC), non-Faradaic electric double-material capacitors (EDLCs), Faradaic pseudocapacitors, and combinations thereof.

27. The electrode of claim 23 , wherein the energy storage device has a capacity ranging from about 100 F/g to about 500 F/g.

28. The electrode of claim 23 , wherein the energy storage device has a capacity ranging from about 100 F/g to about 200 F/g.

29. The electrode of claim 23 , wherein the energy storage device has an energy density ranging from about of 10 μWh/cm 2 to about 100 μWh/cm 2 .

30. The electrode of claim 23 , wherein the energy storage device has an energy density ranging from about of 25 μWh/cm 2 to about 50 μWh/cm 2 .

31. The electrode of claim 23 , wherein the energy storage device has a power density ranging from about 1 mW/cm 2 to about 100 mW/cm 2 .

32. The electrode of claim 23 , wherein the energy storage device has a power density ranging from about 10 mW/cm 2 to about 50 mW/cm 2 .

33. An electrode comprising:
a nickel-based material; and
at least one porous region on a surface of the nickel-based material, wherein the at least one porous region has a thickness ranging from about 100 nm to about 50 μm, and
wherein the at least one porous region comprises a plurality of nickel hydroxide moieties.

34. An electrode comprising:
a nickel-based material; and
at least one porous region on a surface of the nickel-based material,
wherein the at least one porous region comprises a plurality of nickel hydroxide moieties,
wherein the electrode is a component of an energy storage device, and
wherein the energy storage device retains at least 90% of its capacity after about 10,000 cycles.

Assignees

• Tour James M
• Yang Yang
• Univ Rice William M

Inventors

• Tour James M
• Yang Yang

Classifications

• H01B1/02

  mainly consisting of metals or alloys · CPC title

• H01M4/0471

  involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis · CPC title

• H01M4/9016

  Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts · CPC title

• H01G11/68

  characterised by their material · CPC title

• H01M4/52

  of nickel, cobalt or iron · CPC title