System and method for creating a fluidic barrier from the leading edge of a fan blade

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10233869-B2
Application number	US-201514838067-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 27, 2015
Priority date	Aug 27, 2015
Publication date	Mar 19, 2019
Grant date	Mar 19, 2019

Abstract

A turbofan engine has a fan portion in fluid communication with a core stream and a bypass stream of air separated by splitters disposed both upstream and downstream of the fan portion. A fluid passage is defined between the splitters. The turbofan engine has a plurality of vortex generators, each of the vortex generators positioned on the leading edge of a respective fan blade proximate the upstream splitter and the core stream restricting the migration of the core stream into the bypass stream through the fluid passage.

First claim

I claim:

1. A turbofan engine having a fan portion in fluid communication with a core stream and a bypass stream of air; the core stream being:
compressed by the fan portion and a core compressor portion, heated and expanded through a core turbine portion;
the core turbine portion driving the fan portion and the compressor portion; the core turbine portion connected to a shaft;
the bypass stream being compressed by the fan portion;
the core stream and the bypass stream of air separated by an upstream splitter and a downstream splitter with the fan portion disposed axially between the upstream splitter and the downstream splitter, wherein a fluid passage between the core stream and the bypass stream is defined between the upstream splitter and the downstream splitter and a plurality of fan blades of the fan portion; each of the plurality of fan blades of the fan portion having a high pressure side and a low pressure side; and
a plurality of vortex generators, each of the plurality of vortex generators positioned on a leading edge of a respective fan blade of the plurality of fan blades proximate the upstream splitter and the core stream; each of said plurality of vortex generators generating a plurality of vortices restricting migration of the core stream into the bypass stream through the fluid passage;
wherein a radial slot is defined between an outer tip of one of the plurality of vortex generators and an inward surface of the upstream splitter, said radial slot being longer at an upstream end of said outer tip than proximate to a trailing edge of said upstream splitter.

2. The turbofan engine of claim 1 , wherein one of the plurality of vortex generators comprises a low aspect vane extending from a leading edge of one of the plurality of fan blades.

3. The turbofan engine of claim 2 , wherein the low aspect vane is triangular with a root and a vane leading edge, the root extending upstream of the trailing edge of the upstream splitter and the vane leading edge extending from an upstream portion of the root into the core stream and terminating on the leading edge of one of the plurality of fan blades.

4. The turbofan engine of claim 3 , wherein a vertex of an intersection of the vane leading edge and the root is less than 30 degrees.

5. The turbofan engine of claim 1 , wherein a pressure of the core stream is greater than a pressure of the bypass stream.

6. The turbofan engine of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of variable angle inlet guide vanes positioned proximate the upstream splitter inhibiting the bypass stream.

7. A method of preventing pressure leakage from a core stream in a high bypass turbojet engine, comprising:
dividing an ambient air stream into a bypass stream and a core stream with an upstream splitter;
compressing the bypass stream and the core stream with a fan, said fan between the upstream splitter and a downstream splitter dividing the bypass stream and the core stream downstream of the fan; wherein the core stream downstream of the fan has a higher pressure than the bypass stream downstream the fan;
forming a plurality of vortices from a leading edge of a portion of the fan in the core stream, each of said plurality of vortices having an axis and directed into a flow of the core stream thereby preventing pressure leakage across the plurality of vortices into the bypass stream; and
defining a radial slot between an outer tip of the leading edge and an inward surface of the upstream splitter, said radial slot being longer at an upstream end of said outer tip than proximate to a trailing edge of said upstream splitter.

8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising restricting the bypass stream upstream of the fan.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the step of restricting the bypass stream comprises rotating a plurality of inlet guide vanes in the bypass stream proximate the upstream splitter.

10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the step of forming the plurality of vortices comprises forming a pressure differential across opposite sides of a low aspect vane positioned on the leading edge of a plurality of fan blades of the fan.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the low aspect vane is triangular with a root and a vane leading edge, the root extending upstream of the trailing edge of the upstream splitter and the vane leading edge extending from an upstream portion of the root into the core stream and terminating on the leading edge of one of the plurality of fan blades.

12. A turbofan engine comprising:
a core duct defining a portion of a core fluid path;
a bypass duct defining a portion of a bypass fluid path, the bypass duct concentric with the core duct and radially displaced from the core duct;
an upstream splitter defining an annular first border portion between the core duct and the bypass duct;
a downstream splitter defining an annular second border portion between the core duct and the bypass duct;
a border region extending between a trailing edge of the upstream splitter and a leading edge of the downstream splitter;
a plurality of fan blades rotating through the core duct, the bypass duct and the border region about an axis concentric with the core duct and the bypass duct, and each of the plurality of fan blades comprise a leading edge portion extending upstream of the trailing edge of the upstream splitter in the core fluid path, and a plurality of vortices originating from the leading edge portion and extending into the border region;
wherein a radial slot is defined between an outer tip of the leading edge portion and an inward surface of the upstream splitter, said radial slot being longer at an upstream end of said outer tip than proximate to the trailing edge of said upstream splitter.

13. The turbofan engine of claim 12 , further comprising a compressor, a combustor and a turbine along the core fluid path downstream of the downstream splitter.

14. The turbofan engine of claim 12 , further comprising a plurality of inlet guide vanes in the bypass duct upstream of the plurality of fan blades, wherein the plurality of inlet guide vanes are selectively rotatable about a radial direction.

15. The turbofan engine of claim 12 , wherein a pressure of the core duct is greater than a pressure of the bypass duct at the border region.

16. The turbofan engine of claim 12 , further comprising a third border portion and said plurality of fan blades comprises a first fan and a second fan, said first fan positioned between the annular first border portion and the third border portion and the second fan positioned between the third border portion and the annular second border portion.

17. The turbofan engine of claim 12 , further comprising a low aspect vane positioned on the leading edge portion of the plurality of fan blades, which generates the plurality of vortices.

18. The turbofan engine of claim 17 , wherein the low aspect vane is triangular with a root and a vane leading edge, the root extending upstream of the trailing edge of the upstream splitter and the vane leading edge extending from an upstream portion of the root into the core fluid path and terminating on the leading edge portion of a respective one of the plurality of fan blades.

19. The turbofan engine of claim 12 , wherein the radial slot is a passage for air from a high pressure side to a low pressure side of one of the plurality of fan blades.

Assignees

• Rolls Royce Nam Tech Inc

Inventors

• Rice Edward C

Classifications

• F01D5/145

  Means for influencing boundary layers or secondary circulations (for compressors F04D29/68) · CPC title

• F02K3/06

  with front fan · CPC title

• F01D11/04

  using sealing fluid, e.g. steam · CPC title

• F05D2240/127

  Vortex generators, turbulators, or the like, for mixing · CPC title

• F05D2240/12

  Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes · CPC title