Process and apparatus for distributing fluidizing gas to an FCC riser
US-9205394-B2 · Dec 8, 2015 · US
US10207238B2 · US · B2
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Publication number | US-10207238-B2 |
| Application number | US-201113025532-A |
| Country | US |
| Kind code | B2 |
| Filing date | Feb 11, 2011 |
| Priority date | Aug 24, 2007 |
| Publication date | Feb 19, 2019 |
| Grant date | Feb 19, 2019 |
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The present disclosure provides a Ziegler-Natta catalyst composition comprising a procatalyst, a cocatalyst and a mixed external electron donor comprising a first selectivity control agent, a second selectivity control agent, and an activity limiting agent. A polymerization process incorporating the present catalyst composition produces a high-stiffness propylene-based polymer with a melt flow rate greater than about 50 g/10 min. The polymerization process occurs in a single reactor, utilizing standard hydrogen concentration with no visbreaking.
Opening claim text (preview).
I claim: 1. A propylene-based polymer comprising: dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane, an ethoxysilane, and at least about 5 ppm to about 150 ppm of an activity limiting agent (ALA) comprising a C 4 -C 30 aliphatic acid monoester, polymer wherein a mole ratio of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane to ethoxysilane is 0.1-1:1, the propylene-based polymer: (A) having a melt flow rate greater than about 100 g/10 min as measured in accordance with ASTM D 1238-01 at 230° C., 2.16 kg; (B) having a xylene solubles content of from 0.1 weight percent to less than 2 weight percent; (C) exhibiting a T MF greater than about 165° C.; (D) wherein the ratio of combined moles of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane and ethoxysilane to moles of activity limiting agent is about 0.43-2.33:1; and (E) wherein the mole ratio of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane to combined moles of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane and ethoxysilane is about 0.2-0.5:1. 2. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 wherein the ALA comprises isopropyl myristate. 3. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 wherein the propylene-based polymer is uncracked. 4. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 wherein the propylene-based polymer is a propylene homopolymer. 5. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 comprising a silicon content less than about 200 ppm. 6. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 comprising from about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane. 7. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 comprising a post-reactor oligomer content less than about 3000 ppm. 8. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 wherein the ethoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of a diethoxysilane, a triethoxysilane, a tetraethoxysilane, and combinations thereof. 9. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 wherein the ethoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of methylcyclohexyldiethoxysilane, diisobutyldiethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, n-propyltriethoxysilane, benzyltriethoxysilane, butenyltriethoxysilane, and (triethoxysilyl)cyclohexane. 10. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 comprising tetraethoxysilane, and the ALA comprises isopropyl myristate. 11. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 comprising n-propyltriethoxysilane, and the ALA comprises isopropyl myristate. 12. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 comprising a phenylene dibenzoate. 13. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 comprising 3-methyl-5-tert-butyl-1,2-phenylene dibenzoate. 14. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 comprising a T MF greater than 170° C. 15. The propylene-based polymer of claim 1 comprising a T MF greater than 170° C. and a post-reactor oligomer content of less than about 3000 ppm. 16. A propylene-based polymer comprising: dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane, an ethoxysilane, and at least about 5 ppm to about 150 ppm of an activity limiting agent (ALA) comprising a C 4 -C 30 aliphatic acid monoester, wherein a mole ratio of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane to ethoxysilane is 0.1-1:1, wherein the ethoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of a diethoxysilane, a tetraethoxysilane, and combinations thereof, the propylene-based polymer: (A) having a melt flow rate greater than about 100 g/10 min as measured in accordance with ASTM D 1238-01 at 230° C., 2.16 kg; (B) having a xylene solubles content of from 0.1 weight percent to less than 2 weight percent; (C) exhibiting a T MF greater than about 165° C.; (D) wherein the ratio of combined moles of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane and ethoxysilane to moles of activity limiting agent is about 0.43-2.33:1; and (E) wherein the mole ratio of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane to combined moles of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane and ethoxysilane is about 0.2-0.5:1. 17. A propylene-based polymer comprising: dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane, an ethoxysilane, wherein a mole ratio of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane to ethoxysilane is 0.1-1:1, and at least about 5 ppm to about 150 ppm of an activity limiting agent (ALA) comprising a C 4 -C 30 aliphatic acid monoester, the propylene-based polymer: (A) having a melt flow rate greater than 100 g/10 min as measured in accordance with ASTM D 1238-01 at 230° C., 2.16 kg; (B) having a xylene solubles content of from 0.1 weight percent to less than 2 weight percent; (C) exhibiting a T MF greater than about 165° C.; (D) wherein the ratio of combined moles of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane and ethoxysilane to moles of activity limiting agent is about 0.43-2.33:1; and (E) wherein the mole ratio of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane to combined moles of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane and ethoxysilane is about 0.2-0.5:1.
Processes of polymerisation · CPC title
Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge · CPC title
Controlling processes · CPC title
Bulk density · CPC title
Melt flow index or melt flow ratio · CPC title
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