Perovskite nanocrystalline particles and optoelectronic device using same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10193088-B2
Application number	US-201515524421-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 6, 2015
Priority date	Nov 6, 2014
Publication date	Jan 29, 2019
Grant date	Jan 29, 2019

Abstract

Provided are perovskite nanocrystalline particle and an optoelectronic device using the same. The perovskite nanocrystalline particle may include a perovskite nanocrystalline structure while being dispersible in an organic solvent. Accordingly, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle in accordance with the present invention has therein a perovskite nanocrystal having a crystalline structure in which FCC and BCC are combined; can form a lamellar structure in which an organic (or A site) plane and an inorganic plane are alternately stacked; and can show high color purity since excitons are confined to the inorganic plane.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A perovskite nanocrystal particle capable of being dispersible in an organic solvent and comprising a perovskite nanocrystal structure,
wherein the perovskite nanocrystal particle is an organic-inorganic-hybrid perovskite or an inorganic metal halide perovskite, and
the perovskite nanocrystal particle has a diameter greater than a Bohr exciton diameter on an area that is not affected by a quantum confinement effect.

2. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein a light emitting body of the perovskite nanocrystal particle has a diameter of 20 nm to 30 nm.

3. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent comprises a polar solvent and a non-polar solvent,
the polar solvent comprises dimethylformamide, gamma butyrolactone, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide or isopropyl alcohol, and
the non-polar solvent comprises dichloroethylene, trichlorethylene, chloroform, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, styrene, xylene, toluene, or cyclohexene.

4. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein the light-emitter has an emission wavelength of 200 nm to 1300 nm.

5. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein the perovskite nanocrystal particle has a spherical, cylindrical, cylindroid, polyprism or two-dimensional shape.

6. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein the perovskite nanocrystal particle has bandgap energy determined by the crystal structure without depending on the particle size.

7. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein the perovskite nanocrystal particle has bandgap energy of 1 eV to 5 eV.

8. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein the nanocrystal particle has a core-shell structure.

9. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein the nanocrystal particle has a structure with a gradient composition.

10. A light emitting device comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising the perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 .

11. A solar cell comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
a photoactive layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising the perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 .

12. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein the perovskite has a structure of ABX 3 , A 2 BX 4 , ABX 4 , or A n−1 BnX 3n+1 (where n is an integer between 2 to 6), and
the A is an organic ammonium or alkali material, the B is a metal material, the X is a halogen element.

13. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 12 , wherein the organic ammonium is amidinium group ((CH(NH 2 ) 2 ), C x H 2x+1 (CNH 3 ), organic ions, (CH 3 NH 3 ) n , ((C x H 2x+1 ) n NH 3 ) n (CH 3 NH 3 ) n , R(NH 2 ) 2 (R=alkyl), (C n H 2n+1 NH 3 ) n , CF 3 NH 3 , (CF 3 NH 3 ) n , ((C x F 2x+1 ) n NH 3 ) n (CF 3 NH 3 ) n , ((C x F 2x+1 ) n NH 3 ) n , (C n F 2n+1 NH 3 ) n ) or a combination or a derivative thereof (where n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, and x is an integer equal to or greater than 1),
the alkali metal material is Na, K, Rb, Cs, or Fr or a combination thereof,
the B is a divalent transition metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali earth metal, Pb, Sn, Ge, Ga, In, Al, Sb, Bi, Po, or a combination thereof, and
the X is Cl, Br, I, or a combination thereof.

14. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of organic ligands surrounding a surface of the perovskite nanocrystal particle.

15. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 14 , wherein each of the organic ligands comprises alkyl halide or a carboxylic acid.

16. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 14 , wherein an alkyl structure of the alkyl halide comprises acyclic alkyl having a structure of C n H 2n+1 , primary alcohol, secondary alcohol, tertiary alcohol, alkylamine, p-substituted aniline, phenyl ammonium, or fluorine ammonium, and
the carboxylic acid comprises a 4,4′-Azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid), an acetic acid, a 5-aminosalicylic acid, an acrylic acid, an L-aspentic acid, a 6-bromohexanoic acid, a bromoacetic acid, a dichloro acetic acid, an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, an isobutyric acid, an itaconic acid, a maleic acid, an r-maleimidobutyric acid, an L-malic acid, a 4-Nitrobenzoic acid, a 1-pyrenecarboxylic acid, or an oleic acid.

17. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 1 , wherein the perovskite is a doped perovskite.

18. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 17 , wherein the doped perovskite comprises a structure of ABX 3 , A 2 BX 4 , ABX 4 , or A n−1 BnX 3n+1 (where n is an integer between 2 to 6), where a portion of the A is substituted with A′, a portion of the B is substituted with B′, or a portion of the X is substituted with X′, and
the A and A′ are organic ammonium, and the B and B′ are metal materials, and X and X′ are halogen elements.

19. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 18 , wherein the A and A′ are (CH 3 NH 3 ) n , ((C x H 2x+1 ) n NH 3 ) n (CH 3 NH 3 ) n , R(NH 2 ) 2 (R=alkyl), (C n H 2n+1 NH 3 ) n , CF 3 NH 3 , (CF 3 NH 3 ) n , ((C x F 2x+1 ) n NH 3 ) n (CF 3 NH 3 ) n , ((C x F 2x+1 ) n NH 3 ) n , (C n F 2n+1 NH 3 ) n or a derivative thereof (where n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, and x is an integer equal to or greater than 1),
each of the B and B′ is a divalent transition metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali earth metal, Pb, Sn, Ge, Ga, In, Al, Sb, Bi, or Po, and
the X and X′ are Cl, Br, or I.

20. The perovskite nanocrystal particle of claim 18 , wherein a ratio at which a portion of the A is substituted with A′, a portion of the B is substituted with B′, or a portion of the X is substituted with X′ is 0.1% to 5%.

Assignees

• Postech Acad Ind Found

Inventors

• Lee Tae-Woo
• Im Sanghyuk
• Kim Young-Hoon
• Cho Himchan

Classifications

• C09K2211/10

  Non-macromolecular compounds · CPC title

• C09K11/664

  Halogenides (C09K11/661 takes precedence) · CPC title

• C07C211/04 Primary

  Mono-, di- or tri-methylamine · CPC title

• C07C211/03

  Monoamines · CPC title

• C09K11/06

  containing organic luminescent materials · CPC title