Single compression system and process for capturing carbon dioxide

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10166502-B2
Application number	US-201415027345-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 29, 2014
Priority date	Oct 9, 2013
Publication date	Jan 1, 2019
Grant date	Jan 1, 2019

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a single compression system and a process for capturing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from a flue gas stream containing CO 2 . The disclosure also provides a process for regeneration of the carbon dioxide capture media.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A single compression process for capturing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from a flue gas stream containing CO 2 ; said process comprising the following steps:
i. directing the flow of the flue gas stream through a first blower to obtain a pressurized flue gas stream with elevated temperature;
ii. extracting the heat from the pressurized flue gas stream in a first heat exchanger using circulating thermic fluid to obtain a heated thermic fluid and a cooled pressurized flue gas stream;
iii. directing the cooled pressurized flue gas stream to a CO 2 adsorber;
iv. passing in the adsorber a fluidized lean CO 2 capture media to generate a stream comprising rich capture media and flue gas devoid of CO 2 ;
v. separating in a first cyclone said rich capture media and said stream of flue gas devoid of CO 2 ;
vi. directing the separated stream of flue gas devoid of CO 2 to a stack for further treatment;
vii. leading said separated rich capture media to a second heat exchanger where it is heated to near regeneration temperature, at least partially, using said heated thermic fluid to obtain a heated rich capture media;
viii. feeding said heated rich capture media to a desorber;
ix. heating the heated rich capture media in the desorber by circulating said heated thermic fluid to desorb CO 2 from the heated rich capture media to generate a mixture of hot lean capture media and CO 2 gas;
x. separating CO 2 gas from the hot lean capture media; and
xi. cooling the separated hot and lean capture media in a third heat exchanger for adsorption in the adsorber for reiteration of the process to provide cooled lean capture media.

2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a portion of the cooled pressurized flue gas stream is used for fluidizing said separated capture media in the third heat exchanger.

3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the adsorber is controlled with the help of external cold water circulating through the adsorber during the process of adsorption of the CO 2 on the cool and lean capture media.

4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said capture media is at least one selected from the group consisting of supported alkali metal carbonate, supported alkali metal oxide and supported amine.

5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the rich capture media emerging from the adsorber after separation from the flue gas stream devoid of CO 2 is recycled via the first cyclone to the adsorber.

6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, in the second heat exchanger, said rich capture media is heated by a circulating thermic fluid leaving the desorber to obtain a warm thermic fluid leaving the second heat exchanger.

7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said adsorber and said desorber are circulating interconnected fluidized bed reactors operating in at least one regime selected from the group consisting of dense, bubbling, entrained, turbulent and fast fluidization.

8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the warm thermic fluid leaving the second heat exchanger is cooled before storing in a thermic fluid storage tank for further circulation in the process.

9. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a portion of the CO 2 generated in the desorber is pressurized for feeding to the desorber, as stream, and optionally to the second heat exchanger as stream, for fluidization of the rich capture media.

10. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the CO 2 is separated from the hot and lean capture media in a second cyclone and a portion of the separated CO 2 is cooled in the fifth heat exchanger for downstream use.

11. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the thermic fluid is pressurized by means of a pump before feeding to said first heat exchanger.

12. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hot and lean capture media is cooled in the third heat exchanger with the help of a supply of externally provided cold water to obtain cooled lean capture media.

13. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a stream of make-up capture media is introduced in said cooled lean capture media before entering the adsorber.

14. A single compression system for capturing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from a flue gas stream containing CO 2 ; said system comprising:
i. a first blower adapted to receive the flue gas stream and pressurize said flue gas stream to generate a pressurized flue gas stream with elevated temperature;
ii. a first heat exchanger adapted to receive said pressurized flue gas stream and thermic fluid and transfer heat from said pressurized flue gas stream to said thermic fluid to obtain heated thermic fluid and a cooled pressurized flue gas stream;
iii. an adsorber adapted to receive said cooled pressurized flue gas stream, fluidized cool and lean capture media and cooled lean capture media emerging from a third heat exchanger, said capture media adapted to adsorb CO 2 to generate a rich capture media and a stream of flue gas devoid of CO 2 ;
iv. a second heat exchanger adapted to receive said rich capture media and heat said rich capture media to near a predefined regeneration temperature, to obtain a heated rich capture media;
v. a desorber adapted to receive said heated rich capture media and further heat said heated rich capture media to desorb CO 2 to generate a hot and lean capture media and CO 2 gas;
vi. a thermic fluid circulating system adapted to circulate said thermic fluid through said first heat exchanger, said desorber and said second heat exchanger, said thermic fluid circulating system including a thermic fluid storage tank and a pump; and
vii. a third heat exchanger adapted to cool said hot and lean capture media to generate cooled lean capture media for the adsorption in said adsorber.

15. The system as claimed in claim 14 , wherein said capture media is at least one selected from the group consisting of supported alkali metal carbonate, supported alkali metal oxide and supported amine.

16. The system as claimed in claim 14 , wherein said adsorber and said desorber are circulating interconnected fluidized bed reactors operating in at least one regime selected from the group consisting of dense, bubbling, entrained, turbulent and fast fluidization.

17. The system as claimed in claim 14 , which further includes a first cyclone adapted to separate said rich capture media and said stream of flue gas devoid of CO 2 ; a second cyclone adapted to separate said lean capture media and CO 2 gas; and a second blower adapted to receive CO 2 gas from said second cyclone and supply the pressurized CO 2 gas to said desorber, as stream, and optionally to said second heat exchanger, as stream.

18. The system as claimed in claim 14 , which further includes a cold water source adapted to supply cold water to said adsorber, said third heat exchanger and said thermic fluid circulating system.

19. The system as claimed in claim 14 , wherein said thermic fluid circulating system includes a diverter adapted to divert a portion of the thermic fluid stream exiting the desorber and going to the thermic fluid storage tank, to flow to the tank via the second heat exchanger.

20. The system as claimed in claim 14 , wherein a make-up capture media stream is introduced in said cooled lean capture media exiting the third heat exchanger before entering the adsorber.

Assignees

• Reliance Industries Ltd

Inventors

• Amte Vinay
• Das Asit Kumar
• Sengupta Surajit
• Yadav Manoj
• Mandal Sukumar
• Pal Alok
• Gupta Ajay
• Bhujade Ramesh
• Akuri Satyanarayana Reddy
• Dongara Rajeshwer

Classifications

• B01D2253/112

  Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106 · CPC title

• B01D2253/1124

  Metal oxides · CPC title

• B01D2259/40092

  using hot liquid · CPC title

• B01D53/02

  by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography {(solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01)} · CPC title

• B01D2253/20

  Organic adsorbents · CPC title