Nonaqueous electrolyte and electricity storing device in which same is used

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10164293-B2
Application number	US-201515315273-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 28, 2015
Priority date	May 30, 2014
Publication date	Dec 25, 2018
Grant date	Dec 25, 2018

Abstract

Disclosed are a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, which can improve cycle characteristics when a power storage device is used at high temperature and high voltage, and a power device using the same. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to the present invention comprises, in addition to a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved therein, a compound represented by the following formula (I):

wherein n is an integer of 1 or 2; and when n is 1, L represents a straight or branched unsaturated hydrocarbon group of which at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a cycloalkyl group of which at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted by a halogen atom, or an aryl group of which at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted by a halogen atom; and when n is 2, L represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent hydrocarbon group which optionally contains ether bond(s), or an arylene group.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising at least a non-aqueous solvent, an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent, and a compound represented by general formula (I):

wherein
n is an integer of 1 or 2; and
when n is 1, L represents
a straight or branched unsaturated hydrocarbon group that has 2 to 10 carbon atoms and of which at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted by a halogen atom,
a cycloalkyl group that has 3 to 10 carbon atoms and of which at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted by a halogen atom, or
an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and of which at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted by a halogen atom; and
when n is 2, L represents
a saturated or unsaturated divalent hydrocarbon group that has 2 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally contains ether bond(s), or
an arylene group that has 6 to 20 carbon atoms.

2. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the compound represented by general formula (I) is 0.001 to 10% by mass.

3. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein n is 1 and L represents a straight or branched C2-C10 alkenyl group, a straight or branched C2-10 alkynyl group, or a C3-10 cycloalkyl group, wherein these groups are optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

4. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein n is 1 and L represents a phenyl group which is optionally substituted by one or more straight or branched alkyl groups, wherein hydrogen atom(s) on a benzene ring of the phenyl group and hydrogen atom(s) on an alkyl group substituted on the benzene ring are optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

5. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein n is 2 and L represents a straight or branched C2-12 alkylene group, a straight or branched C2-12 alkenylene group, and a C2-12 alkynylene group, wherein these groups may contain ether bond(s).

6. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein n is 2 and L represents a cycloalkylene group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms.

7. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein n is 2 and L represents a phenylene group, a tolylene group (methylphenylene group), a dimthylphenylene group, a xylylene group (phenylene-bis-methylene group), a biphenylylene group, a naphthylene group, an anthrylene group, or a phenanthrylene group.

8. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein n is 2 and L represents a phenylene group or a naphthylene group which is optionally substituted by one or more straight or branched alkyl groups.

9. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous solvent comprises one or at least two selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonates and chain esters.

10. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 9 , wherein the cyclic carbonates is one or at least two selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, 1,2-butylene carbonate, 2,3-butylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, trans- or cis-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, vinylene carbonate, and vinylethylene carbonate.

11. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 9 , wherein the chain esters is one or at least two selected from the group consisting of asymmetric chain carbonates, symmetric chain carbonates, and chain carboxylic acid esters.

12. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 11 , wherein the asymmetric chain carbonates is one or at least two selected from the group consisting of methyl ethyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, methyl isopropyl carbonate, methyl butyl carbonate, and ethyl propyl carbonate; the symmetric chain carbonate is one or at least two selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, and dibutyl carbonate; and the linear carboxylic acid ester is one or at least two selected from the group consisting of pivalic acid esters such as methyl pivalate, ethyl pivalate, propyl pivalate, and the like, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl acetate, and ethyl acetate.

13. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 9 , wherein the chain esters is one or at least two methyl-containing chain esters selected from the group consisting of methyl ethyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, methyl isopropyl carbonate, methyl butyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl propionate, methyl acetate, and ethyl acetate.

14. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte salt contains one or at least two selected from LiPF 6 , LiPO 2 F 2 , Li 2 PO 3 F, LiBF 4 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , LiN(SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 , LiN(SO 2 F) 2 , lithium difluorobis[oxalate-O,O′]phosphate, and lithium tetrafluoro[oxalate-O,O′]phosphate.

15. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , which is used as a non-aqueous electrolytic solution for a power storage device comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution containing an electrolyte salt dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent.

16. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 15 , wherein the power storage device is a lithium ion rechargeable battery.

17. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 15 , wherein the negative electrode comprises, as a negative electrode active material, one or at least two materials selected from lithium metal, lithium alloys, carbon materials capable of occluding and releasing lithium, tin, tin compounds, silicon, silicon compounds, and lithium titanate compounds.

18. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 15 , wherein the negative electrode is one comprising a carbon material.

19. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 15 , wherein the positive electrode is one comprising, as a positive electrode active material, a composite metal oxide of one or more metals selected from cobalt, manganese, and nickel with lithium, or lithium-containing olivine form of phosphoric acid salts containing one or more metals selected from iron, cobalt, nickel, and manganese.

20. A power storage device comprising at least a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution containing an electrolyte salt dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the non-aqueous electrolytic solution is a non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1 .

Assignees

• Ube Industries

Inventors

• Abe Koji
• Shimamoto Kei
• Shikita Shoji

Classifications

• H01G11/64

  characterised by additives · CPC title

• H01G11/06 Primary

  with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC] · CPC title

• H01M2300/0034

  Fluorinated solvents · CPC title

• Y02E60/13

  Energy storage using capacitors · CPC title

• H01M10/05

  Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte (H01M10/39 takes precedence) · CPC title