Non-aqueous redox flow batteries including 3,7-perfluoroalkylated phenothiazine derivatives

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10153510-B2
Application number	US-201514747816-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 23, 2015
Priority date	Jun 23, 2014
Publication date	Dec 11, 2018
Grant date	Dec 11, 2018

Abstract

A non-aqueous redox flow battery includes a negative electrode immersed in a first non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution, a positive electrode immersed in a second non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution, and a semi-permeable separator interposed between the negative and positive electrodes, wherein the second the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution comprises a compound of the formula:

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A positive cell comprising a cathode and a compound according to the formula:

wherein R is selected from alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, alkylcarboxyl, aryl carbonyl, haloalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, glycol, haloaryl, a negative electrolyte, and a polymer; and
wherein each n is independently an integer from 1 to 6.

2. A non-aqueous redox flow battery comprising:
a negative electrode immersed in a first non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution;
a positive electrode immersed in a second non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution; and
a semi-permeable separator interposed between the negative and positive electrodes;
wherein the second the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution comprises a compound of the formula:

wherein R is selected from alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, alkylcarboxyl, aryl carbonyl, haloalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, glycols, haloaryl, a negative electrolyte, and a polymer; and
wherein each n is independently an integer from 1 to 6.

3. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the compound has a solubility greater than about 0.5 M.

4. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

5. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the compound is:

6. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the first and the second non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solutions comprise a metal halide salt.

7. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the metal halide salt is selected from the group consisting of: LiBF 4 , NaBF 4 , LiPF 6 , NaPF 6 , lithium bis(oxalato)borate, tetra-n-butylammonium hexafuorophosphate tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, and tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate.

8. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the first non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution comprises a positive electrolyte.

9. The battery of claim 8 , wherein cations of the positive electrolyte are selected from Li + and Na + .

10. The battery of claim 8 , wherein the first non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution further comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of: a carbonate, a nitrile, an ether, an aromatic compound, and an ester.

11. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the first and the second non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solutions are the same.

12. The battery of claim 11 , wherein the first and second non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solutions comprise a metal halide salt.

13. The battery of claim 12 , wherein cations of the salt are selected from Li + and Na + .

14. The battery of claim 12 , wherein anions of the salt are selected from the group consisting of BF 4 − , PF 6 − , ClO 4 − , AsF 6 − , CF 3 SO 3 − , N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2− , N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2− , B(C 2 O 4 ) 2− , and B 12 X 6 H (12-n) 2− , wherein X is a halogen.

15. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the first non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution comprises a positive electrolyte and the second non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution comprises negative electrolyte.

16. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the electrodes are selected from: platinum, copper, aluminum, nickel, stainless steel, acetylene black, carbon black, activated carbon, amorphous carbon, graphite, graphene, or a nanostructured carbon material, or a combination thereof.

17. The battery of claim 2 wherein the separator material is comprised of sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer-copolymers, sulfonated poly(ether ketones), polysulfones, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, polyimides, polyvinyldifluorides, porous ceramics, porous insulated metals, cation-conducting glasses, and zeolites.

18. A method of making a non-aqueous redox flow battery comprising:
immersing a negative electrode in a first non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution;
immersing a positive electrode in a second non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution;
interposing a semi-permeable separator between the negative and positive electrodes;

wherein the second non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution comprises a compound of the formula:

wherein R is selected from alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, alkylcarboxyl, aryl carbonyl, haloalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, glycols, haloaryl, a negative electrolyte, and a polymer; and
wherein each n is independently an integer from 1 to 6.

19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the compound has a solubility greater than about 0.5 M.

20. A compound selected from the group consisting of:

Assignees

• Univ Kentucky Res Found

Inventors

• Odom Susan A
• Kaur Aman P
• Elliott Corrine F
• Casselman Matthew D

Classifications

• H01M8/20

  Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible (H01M8/18 takes precedence) · CPC title

• C07D279/22

  with carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom · CPC title

• C07D279/30

  with acyl radicals attached to the ring nitrogen atom · CPC title

• H01M8/188 Primary

  by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries · CPC title

• Y10T29/4911

  including sealing · CPC title