Electrode active material, preparation method thereof, and electrode and lithium battery containing the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10109850-B2
Application number	US-201213555409-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 23, 2012
Priority date	Nov 7, 2011
Publication date	Oct 23, 2018
Grant date	Oct 23, 2018

Abstract

An electrode active material includes a core capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium; and a surface treatment layer disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the core, wherein the surface treatment layer includes a lithium-free oxide having a spinel structure, and an intensity of an X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to impurity phase of the lithium-free oxide, when measured using Cu—Kα radiation, is at a noise level of an X-ray diffraction spectrum or less.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrode active material, consisting of:
a core capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium; and
a surface treatment layer that completely covers the core,
wherein the surface treatment layer comprises a lithium-free oxide having a spinel structure, and an intensity of an X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to impurity phases of the lithium-free oxide, when measured using Cu—Kα radiation, is at a noise level of an X-ray diffraction spectrum or less, wherein,
the lithium-free oxide is one or more selected from SnMg 2 O 4 SnZ 2 O 4 , MgAl 2 O 4 , CuAl 2 O 4 , Zn Al 2 O 4 and NiAl 2 O 4 , and wherein
the core comprises one or more compounds selected from compounds expressed by the following Formulas 4 to 8:
Li x Co 1−y M y O (2−α) X α ,  Formula 4

Li x Co (1−y−z) Ni y M z O (2−α) X α ,  Formula 5

Li x Mn (2−y) M y O (4−a) X α ,  Formula 6

Li x Co (2−y) M y O (4−α) X α , and  Formula 7

Li x Me y M z PO (4−α) X α   Formula 8

wherein 0.90≤x≤1.1, 0≤y≤0.9, 0≤z≤0.5, (1−y−z)>0, 0≤α≤2;
Me is one or more metals selected from Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Al, Mg, Zr, and B;
M is one or more elements selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, W, Zn, Al, Si, Ni, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, and a rare-earth element; and X is an element selected from O, F, S, and P.

2. The electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the lithium-free oxide has an X-ray diffraction peak at about 35.5°±2.0° two-theta for a peak corresponding to a (311) crystal face, when measured using Cu—Kα radiation, and a full width at half maximum of the X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to the (311) crystal face is less than 0.3° two-theta.

3. The electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the lithium-free oxide has an X-ray diffraction peak at about 35.5°±2.0° two-theta for a peak corresponding to a (311) crystal face, when measured using Cu—Kα radiation, and a full width at half maximum of the X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to the (311) crystal face is about 0.220° two-theta to about 0.270° two-theta.

4. The electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of an intensity of an X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to a (440) crystal face to an intensity of an X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to a (311) crystal face is about 0.3 or more.

5. The electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of an intensity of an X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to a (511) crystal face to an intensity of an X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to a (400) crystal face is about 0.25 or more.

6. The electrode active material of claim 5 , wherein a ratio of an intensity of an X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to a (511) crystal face to an intensity of an X-ray diffraction peak corresponding to a (440) crystal face is about 0.5 or more.

7. The electrode active material of claim 5 , wherein a content of the lithium-free oxide is about 10 weight percent or less, based on a total weight of the electrode active material.

8. The electrode active material of claim 5 , wherein a thickness of the surface treatment layer is about 1 angstrom to about 1 micrometer.

9. An electrode comprising an electrode active material according to claim 5 .

10. A lithium battery comprising an electrode according to claim 9 .

Assignees

• Choi Won Chang
• Kim Gue Sung
• Song Min Sang
• Choi Young Min
• Kim Ryoung Hee
• Kim So Yeon
• Samsung Sdi Co Ltd

Inventors

• Choi Won-Chang
• Kim Gue-Sung
• Song Min-Sang
• Choi Young-Min
• Kim Ryoung-Hee
• Kim So-Yeon

Classifications

• H01M4/0471

  involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis · CPC title

• H01M4/485

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy (H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence) · CPC title

• Y02T10/7011

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• H01M4/505

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title