Sectioned gas turbine engine driven by sCO2 cycle

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10060300-B2
Application number	US-201615214423-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 19, 2016
Priority date	Jul 20, 2015
Publication date	Aug 28, 2018
Grant date	Aug 28, 2018

Abstract

An apparatus, system, and method for a gas turbine engine may include a sectioned heat exchanger. A heat exchanger may include an inlet manifold configured to receive a working fluid. A plurality of circuits including at least first and second circuits configured to transfer heat with respect to the working fluid. Each of the circuits may have a circuit inlet valve, a circuit heat exchange channel, and a circuit outlet valve. The heat exchanger may further include an outlet manifold configured to pass the working fluid to an outlet. The heat exchanger may include a first sensor configured to measure of first parameter of the first circuit and a second sensor configured to measure a second parameter of at least one of the outlet and the second circuit. A controller may be configured to selectively isolate at least one of the plurality of circuits based on a pressure difference between the first and second parameters.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A sectioned heat exchanger system for a gas turbine engine, comprising:
an inlet manifold configured to receive a working fluid;
a plurality of circuits including at least first and second circuits configured to transfer heat with respect to the working fluid, each of the first and second circuits having a circuit inlet valve, a circuit heat exchange channel, and a circuit outlet valve;
an outlet manifold configured to pass the working fluid to an outlet;
a first sensor configured to measure a first parameter of the first circuit;
a second sensor configured to measure a second parameter of at least one of the outlet and the second circuit; and
a controller of the gas turbine engine and configured to selectively isolate at least one of the plurality of circuits by closing at least one of the first and second circuits in response to detecting a leak based on a parameter difference between the first and second parameters.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second sensors include respective first and second pressure sensors, wherein the parameter difference includes a pressure difference.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to detect the leak based on the parameter difference including a ratio between the first and second parameters.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to close the circuit inlet and outlet valves of at least one of the circuits in response to the parameter difference reaching a predefined threshold.

5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a mass flow rate sensor configured to measure the mass flow rate of the working fluid, wherein the controller is configured to close the circuit inlet and outlet valves of at least one of the circuits based on the mass flow rate.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to close the circuit inlet and outlet valves of at least one of the circuits based on at least one of a cruise operation and a power demand indicated by the controller.

7. The system claim 1 , wherein the working fluid is carbon dioxide.

8. A method of operating a sectioned heat exchanger system of a gas turbine engine, comprising:
receiving a working fluid with an inlet manifold;
distributing the working fluid to a plurality of circuits including at least first and second circuits configured to transfer heat with respect to the working fluid, each of the first and second circuits having a circuit heat exchange channel;
passing the working fluid through an outlet manifold and to an outlet;
measuring a first parameter of the first circuit with a first sensor;
measuring a second parameter of at least one of the outlet and the second circuit with a second sensor;
selectively isolating at least one of the plurality of circuits with a controller of the gas turbine engine and by closing at least one of the first and second circuits in response to detecting a leak based on a parameter difference between the first and second parameters.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the first and second sensors include respective first and second pressure sensors, wherein the parameter difference includes a pressure difference.

10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising detecting the leak based on the parameter difference including a ratio between the first and second parameters.

11. The method of claim 8 , further comprising closing a circuit inlet valve and a circuit outlet valve of at least one of the circuits in response to the parameter difference reaching a predefined threshold.

12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the controller is configured to close a circuit inlet valve and a circuit outlet valve of at least one of the circuits based on a mass flow rate of the working fluid.

13. The method of claim 8 , wherein the controller is configured to close the circuit inlet and outlet valves of at least one of the circuits based on at least one of a power demand and a cruise operation indicated by the controller.

14. A system of a gas turbine engine, comprising:
a compressor;
a turbine;
a sectioned heat exchanger fluidly interposing the compressor and turbine, the sectioned heat exchanger including:
an inlet manifold configured to receive a working fluid;
a plurality of circuits including at least first and second circuits configured to transfer heat with respect to the working fluid, each of the first and second circuits having a circuit inlet valve, a circuit heat exchange channel, and a circuit outlet valve;
an outlet manifold configured to pass the working fluid to an outlet;
a first sensor configured to measure a first parameter of the first circuit;
a second sensor configured to measure a second parameter of at least one of the outlet and the second circuit; and
a controller of the gas turbine engine and configured to selectively isolate at least one of the plurality of circuits by closing at least one of the first and second circuits in response to detecting a leak based on a parameter difference between the first and second parameters.

15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the first and second sensors include respective first and second pressure sensors.

16. The system of claim 14 , wherein the controller is configured to detect the leak based on a parameter difference including a ratio between the first and second parameters.

17. The system of claim 14 , wherein the controller is configured to close the circuit inlet and outlet valves of at least one of the circuits in response to the parameter difference reaching a predefined threshold.

18. The system of claim 14 , further comprising a mass flow rate sensor configured to measure the mass flow rate of the working fluid, wherein the controller is configured to close the circuit inlet and outlet valves of at least one of the circuits based on the mass flow rate.

19. The system of claim 14 , wherein the controller is configured to close the circuit inlet and outlet valves of at least one of the circuits based on at least one of a cruise operation and a power demand indicated by the controller.

20. The system claim 14 , wherein the working fluid is carbon dioxide.

Assignees

• Rolls Royce Corp
• Rolls Royce Nam Tech Inc

Inventors

• Bastnagel Thomas E
• Vaisman Igor
• Burns Donald W
• Armstrong Michael J

Classifications

• F28D2021/0026

  for combustion engines, e.g. for gas turbines or for Stirling engines · CPC title

• F01K23/08 Primary

  with working fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle · CPC title

• F28D7/0066

  Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids (F28D7/103 takes precedence) · CPC title

• F05D2270/09

  to cope with emergencies · CPC title

• F28F27/02

  for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels ({static flow control means in header boxes F28F9/026}; arrangements of guide plates or guide vanes F28F9/22, F28F25/12) · CPC title