Non-aqueous electrolyte for electrochemical devices, method for producing the same, and electrochemical device using the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10033049-B2
Application number	US-201314235023-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 11, 2013
Priority date	Apr 16, 2012
Publication date	Jul 24, 2018
Grant date	Jul 24, 2018

Abstract

The present invention provides: a non-aqueous electrolyte for an electrochemical device, having ion conductivity sufficient for practical use and capable of improving energy density; a method for producing the same; and an electrochemical device using the same. The non-aqueous electrolyte for an electrochemical device includes a non-aqueous solvent and an alkaline earth metal chloride. The alkaline earth metal chloride is dissolved in an amount of 0.015 mol or more relative to 1 mol of the non-aqueous solvent. The total content of the non-aqueous solvent and the alkaline earth metal chloride is 70 mass % or more in the non-aqueous electrolyte.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An electrochemical device comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode differing from the first electrode in polarity; and
a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein:
the non-aqueous electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous solvent and an alkaline earth metal chloride
the non-aqueous electrolyte further comprises an alkali metal chloride dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent,
a total content of the non-aqueous solvent and the alkaline earth metal chloride is 90 mass % or more in the non-aqueous electrolyte,
the alkaline earth metal chloride is dissolved in an amount of 0.03 mol or more relative to 1 mol of the non-aqueous solvent,
an amount of the alkali metal chloride relative to 1 mol of the alkaline earth metal chloride is 0.4 to 2.5 mol, and
the non-aqueous electrolyte does not include an aluminum complex.

2. The electrochemical device in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal chloride includes at least magnesium chloride.

3. The electrochemical device in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the alkali metal chloride includes at least lithium chloride.

4. The electrochemical device in accordance with claim 1 ,
wherein the non-aqueous solvent includes at least tetrahydrofuran, and the alkaline earth metal chloride is magnesium chloride.

5. The electrochemical device in accordance with claim 4 , including: a solid adduct comprising the magnesium chloride, and the tetrahydrofuran added to the magnesium chloride; and a solution comprising the tetrahydrofuran, and the magnesium chloride dissolved in the tetrahydrofuran, the non-aqueous electrolyte being in the form of a meringue with air bubbles therein.

6. The electrochemical device in accordance with claim 5 ,
wherein an amount of the magnesium chloride included in the non-aqueous electrolyte is 0.05 to 0.6 mol relative to 1 mol of the tetrahydrofuran.

7. The electrochemical device in accordance with claim 5 ,
wherein the adduct is a compound in which 1.5 to 4 molecules of the tetrahydrofuran is added to 1 molecule of the magnesium chloride.

8. The electrochemical device in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous solvent includes an ether in an amount exceeding 50 mol %.

9. A method for producing an electrochemical device comprising: a first electrode differing from the first electrode in polarity, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the method comprising:
a step A of stirring, while heating at a temperature of 50° C. or higher, a mixture including a non-aqueous solvent and an alkaline earth metal chloride; and
a step B of cooling to a temperature of 35° C. or lower, the mixture obtained in the step A, followed by further stirring, thereby to produce the non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein:
the non-aqueous electrolyte further comprises the alkali metal chloride dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent,
a total content of the non-aqueous solvent and the alkaline earth metal chloride is 90 mass % or more in the non-aqueous electrolyte,
the alkaline earth metal chloride is dissolved in an amount of 0.03 mol or more relative to 1 mol of the non-aqueous solvent,
an amount of the alkali metal chloride relative to 1 mol of the alkaline earth metal chloride is 0.4 to 2.5 mol, and
the non-aqueous electrolyte does not include an aluminum complex.

10. A method of producing an electrochemical device comprising: a first electrode differing from the first electrode in polarity, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the method comprising:
a step C of stirring, at a temperature of 35° C. or lower, a mixture including a non-aqueous solvent and magnesium chloride, the non-aqueous solvent including at least tetrahydrofuran, an amount of the magnesium chloride being 0.05 mol or more relative to 1 mol of the non-aqueous solvent, thereby to produce a non-aqueous electrolyte in the form of a meringue,
the non-aqueous electrolyte including: an adduct comprising the tetrahydrofuran, and the magnesium chloride added to the tetrahydrofuran; and a solution comprising the tetrahydrofuran, and the magnesium chloride dissolved at a saturation concentration in the tetrahydrofuran, wherein
a total content of the non-aqueous solvent and the alkaline earth metal chloride is 90 mass % or more in the non-aqueous electrolyte,
an amount of the alkali metal chloride relative to 1 mol of the alkaline earth metal chloride is 0.4 to 2.5 mol, and
the non-aqueous electrolyte does not include an aluminum complex.

Assignees

• Panasonic Corp

Inventors

• Matsui Tooru
• Ogumi Zempachi
• Hirai Toshiro
• Nakata Akiyoshi

Classifications

• H01M4/58

  of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates · CPC title

• H01G11/60 Primary

  characterised by the solvent · CPC title

• H01M2300/0034

  Fluorinated solvents · CPC title

• H01B1/122

  Ionic conductors · CPC title

• H01M10/0568

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title