Method for operating a turbomachine, wherein an efficiency characteristic value of a stage is determined, and turbomachine having a device for carrying out the method

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10018070-B2
Application number	US-201414904841-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 5, 2014
Priority date	Sep 30, 2013
Publication date	Jul 10, 2018
Grant date	Jul 10, 2018

Abstract

A turbo-machine, which can be operated in an optimized driving range is provided. To this end, a method for operating a turbo-machine having at least one turbo-machine stage, which has at least one rotary shaft is disclosed. According to the method, the following method steps are carried out: a) determining a desired efficiency characteristic value η soll of the turbomachine stage; b) determining an actual efficiency characteristic value η ist of the turbo-machine-stage; c) determining a comparison efficiency characteristic value of the turbo-machine stage by comparing the actual efficiency characteristic value η ist and the desired efficiency characteristic value η soll to one another; and d) changing at least one operating parameter of the turbo-machine stage subject to the comparison efficiency characteristic value η vgl , wherein in order to determine the actual efficiency characteristic value η ist , a measuring of a torque of the rotary shaft of the turbo-machine-stage is carried out.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method for operating a turbomachine including at least one turbomachine stage with at least one rotary shaft, the method comprising:
a) determining a desired efficiency characteristic value η soll of the at least one turbomachine stage;
b) establishing an actual efficiency characteristic value η ist of the at least one turbomachine stage;
c) establishing a comparison efficiency characteristic value η vgl of the at least one turbomachine stage by comparing the actual efficiency characteristic value η ist and the desired efficiency characteristic value η soll to one another; and
d) modifying at least one operating parameter of the at least one turbomachine stage in a manner dependent on the comparison efficiency characteristic value η vgl , wherein a torque of the at least one rotary shaft of the at least one turbomachine stage is measured for establishing the actual efficiency characteristic value η ist .

2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a multistage turbomachine comprising at least one further turbomachine stage with at least one further rotary shaft is used as turbomachine.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising:
a′) determining a further desired efficiency characteristic value η soll ′ of the at least one further turbomachine stage;
b′) establishing a further actual efficiency characteristic value η ist ′ of the at least one further turbomachine stage;
c′) establishing a further comparison efficiency characteristic value η vgl ′ of the at least one further turbomachine stage by comparing the further actual efficiency characteristic value η ist ′ and the further desired efficiency characteristic value η soll ′ to one another; and
d′) modifying at least one further operating parameter of the at least one further turbomachine stage in a manner dependent on the further comparison efficiency characteristic value η vgl ′.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein a further torque of the at least one further rotary shaft of the at least one further turbomachine stage is measured for establishing the further actual efficiency characteristic value η ist ′.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a contactless measurement method is carried out for measuring the torque of the at least one rotary shaft and/or for measuring the further torque of the at least one further rotary shaft.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the contactless measurement method is carried out with the aid of at least one magnetoelastic torque sensor.

7. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein a compressor is used as turbomachine and an actual efficiency characteristic value η ist and/or a further actual efficiency characteristic value η ist ′ is/are used, which emerge from the following equation:
η i =P 1 i /P 2 i , where

P1 i =volumetric flow rate through the respective turbomachine stage i×pressure difference η i at the turbomachine stage i
P2 i =torque at the rotary shaft of the turbomachine stage i×rotational speed of the rotary shaft of the turbomachine stage i.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the turbomachine is selected from the group consisting of: gas turbine, steam turbine, turbocharger, pump, compressor, and hydroturbine.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a volumetric flow rate of a fluid at the at least one turbomachine stage, with which fluid the turbomachine stage is operated, and/or a rotational speed, with which the at least one rotary shaft of the at least one turbomachine stage is driven, is/are used as operating parameter and/or as further operating parameter.

10. A turbomachine comprising at least one turbomachine stage with at least one rotary shaft, wherein the turbomachine comprises a device for carrying out the method as claimed claim 1 .

11. The turbomachine as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the turbomachine comprises at least one further turbomachine stage with at least one further rotary shaft.

12. The turbomachine as claimed in claim 11 , wherein a torque sensor is arranged at the at least one rotary shaft for establishing the actual efficiency characteristic value η ist of the at least one turbomachine stage and/or a further torque sensor is arranged at the at least one further rotary shaft for establishing the further actual efficiency characteristic value η ist ′ of the at least one turbomachine stage.

13. The turbomachine as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the torque sensor and/or the further torque sensor is/are a contactless torque sensor.

14. The turbomachine as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the contactless torque sensor is a magnetoelastic torque sensor.

15. The turbomachine as claimed claim 10 , wherein the turbomachine is selected from the group consisting of: gas turbine, steam turbine, turbocharger, pump, compressor and hydroturbine.

Assignees

• Siemens Ag

Inventors

• Brummel Hans-Gerd
• Grieshaber Dirk
• Pfeifer Uwe
• De Bruyn Huub

Classifications

• F04D27/001

  Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring · CPC title

• F04D15/0066

  by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine · CPC title

• F01D5/02

  Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors (rotors of non-bladed type F01D1/34; stators F01D9/00 {; selecting particular materials F01D5/28}) · CPC title

• F03B15/00

  Controlling (controlling in general G05 {; regulation of plants characterised by the use of siphons F03B13/086}) · CPC title

• F04D27/004

  by varying driving speed · CPC title