Nonaqueous electrolyte with fluorine containing ether compound for lithium secondary battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10003100-B2
Application number	US-201314376224-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 16, 2013
Priority date	Feb 3, 2012
Publication date	Jun 19, 2018
Grant date	Jun 19, 2018

Abstract

A lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, wherein the positive electrode active material includes an active material capable of intercalating or deintercalating lithium ions at a potential of 4.5 V or more, and the nonaqueous electrolytic solution includes a particular fluorine-containing ether compound.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A lithium secondary battery comprising a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution,
wherein the positive electrode active material comprises an active material capable of intercalating or deintercalating lithium ions at a potential of 4.5 V or more, represented by general formula (3):
Li a (M x Mn 2−x−y Y y )(O 4−w Z w )  (3)

wherein 0≤x≤1.2, 0≤y, x+y<2, 0≤a 1.2, and 0≤w≤1 hold, M is at least one selected from Co, Ni, Fe, Cr, and Cu, Y is at least one selected from Li, B, Na, Al, Mg, Ti, Si, K, and Ca, and Z is at least one of F and Cl, and the nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following general formula (1):
C m1 H 2m1+1−n1 F n1 O—)C m2 H 2m2−n F n2 O)p-(C m3 H 2m3−n3 F n3 O)q-(C m4 H 2m4−n 4F n4 O)r-C m5 H 2m5+1−n5 F n5   (1)

wherein m1 to m5 are each independently a natural number of 1 to 5, p, q, and r are each independently 0 or a natural number and satisfy 1≤p+q+r≤3, and n1 to n5 each independently represent a natural number,
in general formula (1), n2=2m2, n3=2m3, and n4=2m4 hold,
a content of the fluorine-containing ether compound in a solvent of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is in the range of 5% by volume or more and 20% by volume or less,
the nonaqueous electrolytic solution further comprises a fluorine-containing phosphate compound as a solvent component,
a content of the fluorine-containing phosphate compound in the solvent of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is in the range of more than 30% by volume and 70% by volume or less,
wherein the fluorine-containing phosphate compound is tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphate),
the nonaqueous electrolytic solution further comprises a cyclic carbonate compound as a solvent component,
a content of the cyclic carbonate compound in the solvent of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is in the range of 20% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less,
and the total content of the cyclic carbonate compound, the fluorine-containing phosphate compound, and the fluorine-containing ether compound represented by general formula (1) in the entire solvent is 80% by volume or more.

2. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein in general formula (1), n1 to n5 are each 2 or more.

3. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein in general formula (1), m2, m3, and m4 are each 3 or more.

4. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein in general formula (1), 1≤p+q+r≤2 is satisfied.

5. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the fluorine-containing ether compound is at least one of
CF 3 CHF—O—(CF 2 CF(CF 3 )O)—C 3 F 7 and
CF 3 CHF—O—(CF 2 CF(CF 3 )O) 2 —C 3 F 7 .

6. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolytic solution further comprises a fluorine-containing organic solvent.

7. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 6 , wherein the fluorine-containing organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of a fluorine-containing chain carbonate compound, a fluorine-containing ether compound, and a fluorine-containing carboxylate compound.

8. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising
a separator, the positive electrode and the negative electrode being disposed opposed to each other via the separator, and
a laminate film package containing the separator, the positive electrode, and the negative electrode.

9. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the fluorine-containing ether compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (2):
C m1 H 2m1+1−n1 F n1 O—(C m2 F 2m2 O)p-C m3 H 2m3+1−n2 F n2   (2)

wherein m1, m2, and m3 each independently represent a natural number of 1 to 5, p represents 1 or 2, and n 1 and n 2 each independently represent a natural number.

10. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein in general formula (3), x is 0.4≤x≤1.1.

11. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the fluorine-containing phosphate compound in the solvent of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is in the range of 60% by volume or more and 70% by volume or less.

12. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the fluorine-containing phosphate compound in the solvent of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is in the range of 30% by volume or more and 60% by volume or less.

13. The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein in the general formula (3), M is Ni or Ni and Co, y=0, w=0, the cyclic carbonate compound is ethylene carbonate, and
the fluorine-containing ether compound represented is 2H-perfluoro-5-methyl-3,6-dioxanonane (CF 3 CHF—O—(CF 2 CF(CF 3 )O)—C 3 F 7 ) or 2H-perfluoro-5,8-dimethyl-3,6,9-trioxadodecane (CF 3 CHF—O—(CF 2 CF(CF 3 )O) 2 —C 3 F 7 ).

14. A lithium secondary battery comprising a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution,
wherein the positive electrode active material comprises an active material capable of intercalating or deintercalating lithium ions at a potential of 4.5 V or more, the active material is at least one selected from the group consisting of LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 ; LiCoMnO 4 ; LiCrMnO 4 ; LiFeMnO 4 ; LiCu 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 ; LiM1 x Mn 2−x−y M2 y O 4 , wherein M1 is at least one selected from Ni, Fe, Co, Cr, and Cu, 0.4<x<1.1 holds, and M2 is at least one selected from Li, Al, B, Mg, Si, and transition metals, and 0<y<0.5; and those obtained by replacing part of the oxygen of these materials by fluorine or chlorine, and the nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following general formula (1):
C m1 H 2m1+1−n1 F n1 O—)C m2 H 2m2−n F n2 O)p-(C m3 H 2m3−n3 F n3 O)q-(C m4 H 2m4−n 4F n4 O)r-C m5 H 2m5+1−n5 F n5   (1)

wherein m1 to m5 are each independently a natural number of 1 to 5, p, q, and r are each independently 0 or a natural number and satisfy 1≤p+q+r≤3, and n1 to n5 each independently represent a natural number,
in general formula (1), n2=2m2, n3=2m3, and n4=2m4 hold,
a content of the fluorine-containing ether compound in a solvent of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is in the range of 5% by volume or more and 20% by volume or less,
the nonaqueous electrolytic solution further comprises a fluorine-containing phosphate compound as a solvent component,
a content of the fluorine-containing phosphate compound in the solvent of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is in the range of more than 30% and 70% by volume or less,
wherein the fluorine-containing phosphate compound is tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphate),
the nonaqueous electrolytic solution further comprises a cyclic carbonate compound as a solvent component,
a content of the cyclic carbonate compound in the solvent of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is in the range of 20% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less, and
the total content of the cyclic carbonate compound, the fluorine-containing phosphate compound, and the fluorine-containing ether compound represented by general formula (1) in the entire solvent is 80% by volume

Assignees

• Nec Corp

Inventors

• Noguchi Takehiro
• Uehara Makiko

Classifications

• H01M4/5825

  Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines · CPC title

• H01M2300/0028

  characterised by the solvent · CPC title

• H01M2300/0037

  Mixture of solvents · CPC title

• H01M2220/30

  Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop · CPC title

• H01M2300/0034

  Fluorinated solvents · CPC title